Zakat is an obligatory provision, its importance and issues(4)

 

How to pay Zakat

 In the Qur'an, Allah Ta'ala mentions the characteristics of His loyal servants and says:

 وَ الَّذِیْنَ يُؤْتُوْنَ مَاۤ اٰتَوْا وَّ قُلُوْبُهُمْ وَجِلَةٌ اَنَّهُمْ اِلٰی رَبِّهِمْ رٰجِعُوْنَ۝۩

 And whatever they give, they give in such a way that their hearts tremble (thinking) that they will return to their Lord.'

 Addressing the believers in one verse, he said:

 وَ مَا تُنْفِقُوْا مِنْ خَیْرٍ فَلِاَنْفُسِكُمْ ؕ وَ مَا تُنْفِقُوْنَ اِلَّا ابْتِغَآءَ وَجْهِ اللّهِ ؕ وَ مَا تُنْفِقُوْا مِنْ خَيْرٍ يُّوَفَّ اِل َیْكُمْ وَ اَنْتُمْ لَا تُظْلَمُوْنَ۝272

 ... and you spend only to gain the pleasure of Allah.  The wealth you spend will be fully repaid to you and you will not be wronged.  - Surah Baqarah: 272

 In another verse believers are warned not to frustrate their charity through intemperate behavior.  Referred to-

 يٰۤاَیُّهَا الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْا لَا تُبْطِلُوْا صَدَقٰتِكُمْ بِالْمَنِّ وَ الْاَذِی ي كَالَّذِیْ يُنْفِقُ مَالَهٗ رَِآءَ النَّاسِ وَ لَا يُْمِنُ بِاللّ هِ وَ الْیَوْمِ الْاٰخِرِ ؕ

 "O you who believe, do not destroy your charity by giving grace and suffering.  Like that person who spends wealth for show and does not believe in Allah and the Last Day.-Surah Baqarah: 264

 It is proved from the above verses of the Qur'an that modesty, piety, sincerity and akhla are the internal conditions for charity to be accepted in the court of Allah.  It is the duty to pay Zakat on time along with being careful about these matters.

31.  Zakat cannot be delayed after the year has passed.  It is mentioned in the Quran-

 And the يْبٍ ۙ فَاَصَّدَّقَ وَ اَكُنْ مِّنَ الصّلِحِیْنَ۝10

 You shall spend from the sustenance that I have given you before the death of one of you.  Otherwise death comes he will say O my Lord!  Why not give me some time off!  Then I would give charity and be among the righteous.'-Surah Munafiqoon: 10

 What should be done in this case is to put forward the time of becoming the owner of Nisaab and pay Zakat exactly one year after that.  One should not wait for another month despite knowing the exact time.

 32.  It is obligatory to pay Zakat on the day one year is completed.  After that, whenever one pays Zakat, one should pay the amount that was obligatory on that day.  - Musannaf Ibn Abi Shayba hadith 10559

 33.  Completion of the year is based on the lunar year, not the solar year.

 to decide

 34.  In order to receive Zakat, it is necessary to intend to pay Zakat.  - Raddul Muhtar 2/258

 35.  Zakat should be given only for the purpose of pleasing Allah.  If zakat is given to gain public support, to gain people's praise or for any other worldly purpose, it will not be accepted in the court of Allah.-Surah Baqarah 264

When giving Zakat to appropriate sectors such as Fakir-Miskeen, Zakat should be intended.  This is the basic rule.  However, if you keep the Zakat money separately from your wealth, the intention of the time of separation will be sufficient.  From here, even if you do not make a new intention while giving to the fakir-miskeen, zakat will be collected.-Raddul Muhtar 2/268

 36.  Even if the money is kept separately for the purpose of Zakat, the owner can spend it if necessary.  But later, when paying zakat, you have to make the intention of zakat.  - Musannaf Ibn Abi Shayba hadith 10391, 10392

 37.  Some money has been donated to a person who is eligible to receive Zakat, but the donor did not have the intention of Zakat in his mind at the time of donation, so if the recipient intends to pay Zakat while the money is available to him, Zakat will be collected.  Likewise, if a food item is given to a person eligible for zakat, zakat will be collected even if the recipient intends to pay zakat before eating or selling it.  After that, if you intend to give Zakat, it will not be collected as Zakat.-Addurrul Mukhtar 2/268;  Raddul Muhtar 2/268-269

 38.  Zakat money is kept separately.  But if it is stolen or destroyed in any other way before it is given to the fakir-miskeen, then zakat is not due.  Zakat must be paid again.-Musannaf Abdur Razaq Hadith 6936,6938;  Musannaf Ibn Abi Shayba 6/531-532;  Raddul Muhtar 2/270

 39.  One fortieth (2.50%) of the wealth on which Zakat is obligatory is obligatory.  Zakat will be collected even if the value of assets is determined in cash at the rate of two and a half rupees, or clothes and other necessary items of that amount are bought.  -Sunan Nasa'i Hadith 2230-2233;  Sunan Abu Dawud Hadith 1570-1572;  Sunan Tirmidhi Hadith 623;  Sunan Ibn Majah Hadith 1803;  Musannaf Abdur Razaq Hadith 7133-7134;  Musannaf Ibn Abi Shayba Hadith 10539-10581

 40.  There is no problem in voluntarily giving more than the obligatory amount of Zakat.  Zakat collection and additional donations will be rewarded. - Musnad Ahmad Hadith 2077;  Musannaf Abdur Razzaq Hadith 6907

41.  It is not necessary to inform the recipient of zakat that he is being given zakat.  In any case, if a poor person is given zakat goods, if the owner intends to pay zakat in his heart, then zakat will be collected.-Raddul Muhtar 2/268

 42.  If you want to collect zakat on behalf of another person, you have to get his permission.  Otherwise, Zakat will not be collected from that person.  -Raddul Muhtar 2/269

 43.  If the owner of the household allows the people of the house to pay zakat, then if they give something to someone for the purpose of zakat, it will be collected as zakat.  And if permission is not given beforehand and the people of the house donate something as zakat, then it will be collected as zakat even if the owner of the household gets permission before the person who is given the gift spends the money.  Otherwise, Zakat will not be paid.  Must be repaid.

 44.  Someone owes some money to a poor person.  Now if he forgives the debt for the purpose of zakat then zakat will not be collected.  If you want to give him zakat, the rule is, first pay him zakat and then collect the debt from there.-Addurrul Mukhtar 2/270;  Raddul Muhtar 2/271

 It is better to pay Zakat to the debtor.  Because it frees him from debt.  And if a wealthy person forgives the debt of the borrower without the intention of counting it from zakat, then there is no question.-Raddul Muhtar 2/271